Bizak & Co. · Miami · Since 1996

Jewelry Hallmarks Explained

585, 750, 925, PLAT — the tiny stamps inside a ring shank or on a clasp tell you what a piece is made of, and often who made it and where. Here’s how to read them — and what to do when a mark is missing, worn, or too good to be true.

30 Years in the Trade Marks Verified by Testing

What Is a Hallmark?

A hallmark is a small stamp struck into precious-metal jewelry that certifies its metal content — for example 585 for 14K gold or 925 for sterling silver. Alongside the purity mark you may find a maker’s mark (who made it), an assay mark (where it was tested) and, on older British pieces, a date letter (when).

Where to look: inside the ring shank, on the clasp or tag of necklaces and bracelets, on the post or back of earrings, and on the case back of watches. A 10× loupe helps — most marks are under a millimeter tall.

Gold Marks

StampKaratPure goldNotes
41710K41.7%Minimum to be sold as gold in the U.S.
58514K58.5%The everyday standard for fine jewelry.
75018K75%Luxury pieces — richer color, softer metal.
91622K91.6%Common in Middle Eastern & South Asian jewelry.
99924K99.9%Essentially pure — too soft for most jewelry.

Warning marks that are not solid gold: GF or 1/20 14K GF (gold-filled), GP, GEP or HGE (gold-plated), and 925 with gold color (vermeil — gold over silver). These contain only a thin layer of gold. More on purity in our gold karats guide and platinum vs. white gold.

Silver & Platinum Marks

StampMetalPurityNotes
925 / STERLINGSilver92.5%The sterling standard.
800 / 900Silver80–90%Continental & coin silver, common in antiques.
PLAT / PT950 / 950Platinum95%The usual platinum standard for jewelry.
PT900 / IRIDPLATPlatinum90%Frequent in vintage & Art Deco pieces.
PD950Palladium95%Lighter platinum-family metal.

Beware “nickel silver” or “German silver” — despite the name, they contain no silver at all.

Beyond Purity: the Other Marks

Maker’s Marks

Initials or a symbol identifying the workshop — and on signed pieces, names like Cartier or David Webb that multiply value. See our guide to designer & signed jewelry.

Assay & Country Marks

National symbols certifying official testing: Britain’s lion passant for sterling, France’s eagle’s head for 18K gold, Swiss marks on watch cases. Useful for dating and locating a piece.

Date Letters & Numbers

British hallmarks include a letter whose font and shield shape pin the year of assay. Designer pieces often carry serial numbers — a key authenticity check.

When Marks Lie — or Go Missing

A hallmark is a strong clue, not a guarantee. Marks wear thin with decades of use, disappear when a ring is resized, and were never required on many antique pieces. Counterfeit stamps also exist — plated pieces struck with a false 585 or 750.

How to examine a piece at home:

  1. Clean the area and use a 10× loupe in good light.
  2. Check the usual spots: shank, clasp, post, case back.
  3. Compare the stamp against the tables above.
  4. Look for a second mark — GF, GP or HGE changes everything.
  5. Still unsure? Have the metal tested and appraised — acid and electronic testing settles it.

Frequently Asked Questions

What does 585 mean on jewelry?

The metal is 58.5% pure gold — the European stamp for 14-karat gold. Likewise 750 = 18K, 417 = 10K, 916 = 22K.

What does 925 mean — is it gold?

925 is sterling silver (92.5% silver), not gold. A gold-colored piece stamped 925 is vermeil — a layer of gold over sterling silver.

Is unmarked jewelry fake?

Not necessarily. Many antiques predate stamping requirements, and marks wear off or vanish during resizing. Testing confirms what the metal really is.

Is 750 the same as 18K?

Yes — both mean 75% gold. 750 is the European convention, 18K the American one. Many pieces carry either or both.

Can hallmarks be faked?

Yes. False purity stamps on plated pieces do circulate. Treat a mark as a clue and let acid or electronic testing confirm it.

Can you check my hallmarks and test my jewelry?

Yes. We read the marks, test the metal and provide written appraisals for insurance, estate or resale — by mail, nationwide, with no obligation to sell.

Not Sure What That Stamp Means?

Send a photo or mail the piece — we’ll read the marks, test the metal and put its value in writing. Honest and independent, since 1996.